In the context of a patient refusing chemotherapy, which two ethical principles are predominantly at play?

In the context of a patient refusing chemotherapy, the two ethical principles that are predominantly at play are beneficence and autonomy.

Beneficence refers to the obligation of healthcare providers to act in the best interests of the patient, promoting their well-being and providing interventions that are deemed medically beneficial. In this scenario, the provider may believe that chemotherapy is the best option for the patient's recovery and overall health.

Autonomy is the principle that recognizes a patient’s right to make decisions about their own body and treatment, even if those decisions may not align with medical recommendations. When a patient refuses chemotherapy, they exercise their autonomy by making a choice that reflects their values, beliefs, and personal circumstances, regardless of the healthcare provider's views on what would be best for them.

Both of these principles can create a complex ethical dilemma where the healthcare provider must respect the patient’s decision while also grappling with the desire to promote their health. This tension illustrates the balance between respecting individual choices and the obligation to provide beneficial treatment.